名詞性從句
名詞性從句是歷年高考必考內(nèi)容，重點考查連接詞的選擇，其次還考查名詞性從句的語序、語氣、時態(tài)以及名詞性從句的后置等。
名詞性從句連接詞的選擇可從兩個方面把握：一是連接詞在從句中做不做成分，如果做成分，做什么成分；二是連接詞在從句中有無意義，有何意義。詳見下表：
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連 接 詞
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作 用
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意 義
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That
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×
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×
|
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If/whether
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×
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√是否
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|
What(ever)/which(ever)/
who(ever)/Whom(ever)/
whose/how many/how much
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√
主語、賓語、表語、定語
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√
（無論）什么/哪一個/誰、誰的、多少
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|
When(ever)/where(ver)/
how(ever)/why/because
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√
狀語
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√
（無論）何時/何地/怎樣、為什么，因為
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下面就名詞性從句考查的方面總結(jié)一下幾個考點：
考點一 that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句
that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時，在從句中不做成分，也沒有任何意義。
1. Experts believe ______ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. (2013北京)
A. why B. where C. that D. what
點撥：C that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中不做成分，也無意義。
2. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _____ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. (2013浙江)
A how B that C which D whether
點撥：B that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，在從句中不做成分，也無意義。
3. It’s good to know _____ the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away. (2013山東)
A. what B. whose C. which D. that
點撥：D that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中不做成分，也無意義。
考點二 if/whether引導(dǎo)名詞性從句
if/whether引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時，在從句中不做成分，但表示“是否”之意。
1. It doesn’t matter _________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.
(2012天津)
A. whether B. how C. if D. when
點撥：A whether引導(dǎo)主語從句后置，whether在從句中不作成分，表示“是否”。if也可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，表示“是否”，但不能與or或or not連用。
2. It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice. (2013陜西)
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
點撥：D 句意：新成立的委員會的政策能否付諸實施還有待觀察。Whether意為“是否”，符合句意。
3. The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but 安徽) he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. (2012
A. where B. whether C. that D. why
點撥：B whether引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中不作成分，表示“是否”。
考點三what(ever)/which(ever)/who(ever)等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句
What(ever)/which(ever)/who(ever)等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時，在從句中可做主語、賓語、表語或定語，并分別表示“（無論）什么/哪一個/誰”等意義。
1. ______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. (2013北京)
A. That B. What C. Who D. Which
點撥：B what引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在從句中做主語，表示“什么”。
2. Police have found _____ appears to be the lost ancient statue. (2013全國I)
A. which B. where C. how D. what
點撥：D what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中做主語，表示“什么”。
3. (2013江西) _______ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A. Whoever B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Wherever
點撥：C 連接詞在主語從句中做定語，且有范of you，應(yīng)用whichever，表示“無論哪一個”。
注意：whoever/whatever等與no matter who/what等的區(qū)別
whoever/whatever等可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句，但no matter who/what等
只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句，不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。如：
Could I speak to __________ is in charge of International Sales, please? （2012全國）
A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who
答案：C
考點四 when(ever)/where(ver)/how(ever)/why等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句
When(ever)/where(ver)/how(ever)/why等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時，在從句中做狀語，并表示“（無論）何時/何地/怎樣、為什么”等意義。
1. (2013湖南) Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.
A. how B. that C. which D. where
點撥：A 句意：不要因任何失敗而泄氣，因為你永遠不知道你離勝利有多近。how引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中做狀語，修飾close。
2. Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers. (2012四川)
A. when B. how C. that D. whether
點撥：B study后接一個賓語從句，連接詞在從句中作狀語，表示“怎樣”，故用how。
3. It was never clear ______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner. (2011江蘇)
A. that B. how C. when D. why
點撥：D 由句意“永遠也弄不清楚那個人為什么沒有及時報告事故。”可知，應(yīng)用why。
考點五名詞性從句的語序、時態(tài)及語氣
名詞性從句用陳述句語序；名詞性從句表示什么時候的事就用什么時態(tài)；在與表示“要
求、建議、命令”等詞有關(guān)的名詞性從句中，名詞性從句常用“should+動詞原形”，should
可以省略。
1. Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam _____ at the age of six months old.
(2013浙江)
A was B be C were D is
點撥：B recommend后面的賓語從句要用“should+動詞原形在”表示虛擬語氣，should可以省略。
2. My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend. (2013陜西)
A. should B. might C. could D. would
點撥：A suggest后面的賓語從句應(yīng)用“should+動詞原形”表示虛擬語氣。
3. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ______. (2010上海)
A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
點撥：B which引導(dǎo)賓語從句，用陳述語序。
4. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when __________ and see him. （2005 北京）
A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come
點撥：A when引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，應(yīng)用陳述語序；賓語從句表示將來的事，應(yīng)用一般將來時。
考點六名詞性從句后置
主語從句太長，為保持句子平衡，常將主語從句后置，而在主語位置用it做形式主語；賓語從句后還有賓語補足語時，賓語從句要后置，而在賓語的位置用it做形式賓語；在表示喜、怒、哀，樂的動詞后先用it做形式賓語，再接賓語從句。
1. Why don’t you bring ______ to his attention that you are too ill to work on？ (2011江西)
A. that B. it C. his D. him
點撥：B it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面that引導(dǎo)的從句。
2. He didn’t make ______ when and where the meeting would be held. (2007 天津)
A. this B. that C. it D. them
點撥：C it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的從句when and where the meeting would be held。